Getsemani Presbyterian Church of San Benito,
Formally Second Presbyterian Church,
Formally Mexican Presbyterian Church
In March 2009 this church was awarded a Texas
Historical Commission subject marker.
This is the narrative history of the church as compiled by Sandra Tumberlinson
and edited by Norman Rozeff.
I. Context
For citizens, and recent emigrants,
of predominantly Catholic Mexico to convert to a Protestant denomination was an
unusual occurrence at the turn of the 20th Century . Undoubtedly,
these particular individuals were influenced by strong role models who evidenced
an attractive alternative to the religion under which they were raised or in
some cases where they lacked any religion at all. After Texas had gained its
independence from Mexico the Presbyterian and other Protestant denominations,
primarily Methodist and Baptist, actively proselytized in Mexico, but less so in
South Texas. The last half of the 19th Century saw increased active
ties by Protestant missionaries in South Texas and Northern Mexico but no major
inroads. The story to be told of pioneer Hispanic Presbyterians is therefore
aunique one and one which heretofore has received little recognition or
documentation.
II. Overview
Rev. Dr. Antonio Tomas Graybill was ordained by the Montgomery Presbytery, Presbyterian Church of the U.S., in 1874 after returning from a reconnaissance trip to Mexico in 1873 with the purpose of finding a suitable location for the establishment of a mission in Mexico. Deciding that the border area was the best place for a Presbyterian mission, he settled in Matamoros, Tamaulipas, Mexico in 1874. Being an American and a Protestant, he encountered opposition among the predominantly Catholic Mexican population. Unbeknownst to him, 30 years prior to his arrival, God had begun to open the door for Dr. Graybill: Two U.S. Army officers, traveling on the northern banks of the Rio Grande River 30 miles upstream from Matamoros, happened upon a humble ranch home and gifted a Bible written in Castellano (Spanish) to a lively and intelligent woman. Coming back through the area a few weeks later, the officers asked her about the Bible, and when she told them that the Catholic bishop had burned it, they gave her another. When her husband and family found out about the second Bible, they forbade her to read it, but she hid the Bible under the roots of an old tree and secretly read it. She converted and was baptized in Brownsville, (Texas). There being no Spanish services in Brownsville (in 1844) she moved to Matamoros (in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas) with the hope that someday she would hear the word of God in Spanish. When Dr. Graybill arrived in Matamoros 30 years later, she was one of the first converts he met. Her son, the future Rev. Leandro Garza Mora was Dr. Graybill’s first convert, the first ministerial student, the first ordained minister, the first president of the Presbytery (Tamaulipas). Within 3 months of his arrival in Matamoros in 1874, Dr. Graybill had made his first convert, within 4 months he had held his first Presbyterian services, within one year he had organized his first Presbyterian church, and within 2 years, he had built the first Presbyterian church building. After working in Matamoros for 14 years, in 1888 he moved to Linares in the Mexican state of Nuevo Leon to continue the work of Presbyterian faith. He had good results in Linares, organized and built a church, establishing many congregations near and around Linares, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Dr. Graybill died in Linares January 21, 1905. Before his death, he had the satisfaction of seeing that the humble work he’d begun in Matamoros had transformed into a Presbytery serving eleven churches, more than sixty congregacions, five chapels, six schools, eight missions, and 600 active members throughout the Mexican states of Tamaulipas, Nuevo Leon and the U.S. state of southern Texas
By the mid 19th century, many self-sustaining ranches existed
in the area which would later become San Benito. The people who lived on
these ranches, in many cases, were the descendents of the colonists brought into
the upper Rio Grande River area in the mid-1700s by the Great Colonizer, Jose
Escandon. They had over time migrated southeast on both sides of the river and
settled in the area now known as San Benito. In 1904 the railroad arrived in the
Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. This led to the establishment of towns along
its routes and brought the prospect of transporting agricultural goods north.
San Benito was one such town.
At the turn of the 20th century, a new influx of people began settling in the newly founded (1904) town of San Benito. The border between Mexico and the United States, the Rio Grande River, was constantly being crossed by persons who came from different parts of Mexico. Their yearning for a better life and the threat of the Mexican Revolution accelerated this migration. Some of these families, mainly from the Mexican states of Tamaulipas, Nuevo Leon, and Coahuila, had already heard and accepted the principles of the Protestant movement advocated by the Presbyterian Church of Mexico and were fully indoctrinated in its fundamentalswhen they arrived in their newly adopted homeland.
It is in this manner and for these reasons that by 1908, the families of Andres and Higinia Flores, Lorenzo and Nieves Pedraza, Clemente and Severa Lopez, Guadalupe and Hidelfonsa Rodriguez, Donato and Virginia de Hoyos, and Samuel and Dolores Rios, came to live in San Benito. Other families, like native Texans Fer nando and Juanita de Leon, came here from their ancestral home in Victoria, Texas. All of these families had been members of a Presbyterian church elsewhere and now found themselves in the San Benito area where no Presbyterian church existed. These families already knew one other and recognized the common Presbyterian background that they shared.
Based on the missionary work of Dr. Graybill from 1874 through the turn of the century, and the minutes of the Tamaulipas Presbytery, Presbyterian converts lived in this area well before San Benito became a town.In the actual minutes of the General Synod visits to the San Benito area by ministers the Revs. Leandro Garza Mora, Carmen A. Gutierrez, William Ross, and James O. Shelby are recorded as early as 1909.
These ministers encountered the
aforementioned families, many of who were already known to them as members of
Presbyterian churches in Mexico. It was at the homes of these Mexican
Presbyterian families that the first Presbyterian Church services were first
held in San Benito. The fervor and religious zeal of these early
Presbyterians, as reported by the missionary ministers, was a determining factor
in the Mexican General Synod’s decision to explore the possibility of
establishing a Mexican Presbyterian Church in San Benito.
Many of the members of this early group of
Presbyterians established themselves in town and commenced spreading the gospel.
Lorenzo Pedraza, for example, owned a modest restaurant in San Benito where he
took advantage of his patrons’ mealtimes to "preach the gospel." It was
common knowledge in town that, "if you go to Don Lorencito’s restaurant, you get
fed the Bible." Andres Flores, on the other hand, had pastored the
congregation of the Presbyterian Church of Matamoros, Tamulipas, Mexico in 1892.
This experience esta-blished him as a potential leader in the San Benito flock.
Guadalupe Rodriguez was already a Presbyterian ruling elder by the time he and
his wife reached San Benito.
These early pioneers did not limit their Presbyterian
work to the town’s people but also considered the small ranches in the
surrounding area as fertile ground to plant the evangelical seed.
Carricitos, Texas, a river community five miles from San Benito, was established
as a meeting point for the ministers and missionaries who served the communities
on both sides of the Rio Grande River. Throughout 1909-1910, the pioneer
Presbyterian families, along with new converts, kept alive the flame of
evangelism. It was this determined group that, the following year made possible
the founding of a Presbyterian church in San Benito.
Revolution! After 30 years of power, Mexican
President Porfirio Diaz’ administration was under siege likened to an erupting
volcano spreading chaos, terror, and death throughout all of Mexico. The
northeastern border town of Matamoros where the National Mission’s Department of
the Presbyterian Church of the United States (PCUS) had established a
Presbyterian church in 1875, suffered the consequences of this social upheaval.
In conjunction with founding the church, an elementary school was started,
adding a secondary curriculum in 1880. Since its inception through 1910,
the director of the school was Presbyterian missionary, Miss Anne E. Dysart.
As a result of the upheavals associated with the Mexican Revolution, all
American Presbyterian missionaries were evacuated from Mexico and relocated in
Brownsville and San Benito. This is how, toward the end of 1910, Miss Anne
E. Dysart, both missionary and teacher, came to live in San Benito. She became a
major influence in the organization of a Presbyterian church in San Benito.
The Hispanic Presbyterian congregation of San Benito
sent a letter in April, 1911, to the secretary of the Tamaulipas Presbytery in
Mexico requesting permission to organize as a church. The petition was
approved, and the Rev. William Ross and Ruling Elder Macedonio Garcia, both from
the Brownsville Presbyterian Church, were charged with completing the
arrangements. They contacted the leaders of the congregation in
San Benito and decided that October 19, 1911 would be the official day of the church’s dedication service. On that day, approximately twenty-five persons (most having already made their professions of faith and been baptized) met, named officers, and established a Session consisting of three ruling elders and one deacon. The Ruling Elders were Guadalupe Rodriguez, Lorenzo Pedraza and Andres Flores. The church officially became the Mexican Presbyterian Church of San Benito.
The new church celebrated Christmas 1911 at its school in the neighborhood called "Mexiquito." Miss Anne E. Dysart contributed much of her time and talents to the church in its early months, and especially to the children and youth, who learned poems and songs for their first Christmas as a church.
By 1912, the church membership had grown, thus establishing the need for a proper building in which to hold services. Miss Dysart took it upon herself to solicit funds from members of the church and influential persons in the community. With this money together with a generous donation from Missions Department of the Presbyterian Church of the United States (PCUS), a city lot at the corner of Biddle and Hull Streets was purchased in the "El Jardin" neighborhood. On this site the first church and adjoining elementary school were built. Known affectionately as "Miss Annie’s school," Presbyterian boys and girls attended the school as well as neighborhood children. The curriculum consisted of reading, writing, arithmetic and sewing. Most importantly, the curriculum emphasized religious training, and cultivating the mind and spirit of the students. Several of the parents whose children attended the church-school converted and became members of the church.
Among the students who attended the
school between 1912 through 1916 were Juanita Flores Hernandez, Porfiria Flores
Goggens, Esthercita de la Garza, Aurelia Garcia, Maria de Jesus Trevino, Maria
de los Angeles Villarreal, Luis Benavides, Ambrosio Gutierrez and Alfredo
Trevino.
First Pastor, the Rev. Ignacio Escalante, mid 1912--1915
The Rev. Ignacio Escalante was the first pastor of
Mexican Presbyterian Church of San Benito from the middle of 1912 through 1915.
This was a difficult period in the life of the church. In 1913, an
incident occurred that cast a shadow over the life of the flock and mission of
the church. One of the church-school teachers, who was also a Sunday
school teacher, was killed by a frustrated admirer in one of the school
classrooms. He took his own life as well. In addition, managerial problems
began occurring. At this time, the Session was charged with coordinating
all evangelical, spiritual and administrative proceedings within the church.
Yet, the church-school, an important part of the life and mission of the church,
was under the direction of missionary Miss Annie Dysart. These
circumstances created some problems between the leaders of the church and the
missionary, so much so, that in 1915, the problems came to a head at a meeting
of the Presbytery of Tamaulipas. The ruling by Presbytery was as follows:
The church administration was placed under the direction of Presbytery, which
meant that the Session became inactive regarding its administrative
responsibilities. Thus ended 1915.
The church again encountered difficulties in
1916. The Rev. Escalante resigned as pastor while the Session was still
inactive, and by the end of the year, with the Mexican Revolution winding down,
Anne E. Dysart went back to her missionary work in Mexico. Despite these
problems, the church did not falter in its dedication to continue its work.
Worship services, Sunday school, and the church-school continued as usual.
By early 1917, the church was looking forward to finding a new pastor.
Second Pastor, the Rev. Antonio Valiente y Pozo, 1917-- Feb. 1918
The short pastorate of the Rev. Valiente y Pozo,
from early 1917 through February, 1918, was characterized by sermons emphasizing
the importance of Christian behavior and the responsibilities of the church.
He preached against what he considered vices and offensive customs prevalent in
the Hispanic community and that diverged from his strict Spanish background.
It was during his tenure as pastor that the church, under the jurisdiction of
the Tamaulipas Presbytery and having had its session deactivated in January
1917, submitted a request to reorganize. The Presbytery sent the Revs. Santiago
O. Shelby and William A. Ross to direct the reorganization process. On
April 29, 1917, the reorganization meeting took place with 83 persons in
attendance. Most were town members of the church plus others from the outlying
mission. The Rev. Valiente y Pozo based his sermon on Ephesians 4:11-16.
The congregation elected as Session members Agustin Plata and Samuel Rios;
deacons elected were Migueas Lopez and Elias de Hoyos. The church missions
in the "Mexiquito" neighborhood and down by the river at Carricitos, where
Santiago Gomez and family lived, remained active. In February 1918 the
church was once again without a minister.
Period of Transition and New Presbyterian Relations
The Mexican Presbyterian Church of San Benito, although
geographically and politically in the United States, ecclesiastically was a
member of a Presbytery within the Presbyterian Church of Mexico. Furthermore,
the Presbyterian Church of the United States (PCUS) had established missionaries
in San Benito through its foreign missions department that considered San Benito
as foreign ground. Between the years 1911 to 1919, the Mexican
Presbyterian Church of San Benito was under the jurisdiction of the Presbytery
of Tamaulipas, but certain circumstances would occur that prompted the church to
request affiliation with an American Presbytery.
Distance was one of the major challenges the San Benito
church faced being a member of the Presbyterian Church of Mexico. To
attend a Presbytery meeting in Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas or Linares, Nuevo
Leon, Mexico required a significant economic sacrifice, not to mention the
dangers involved with travel in Mexico during the Mexican Revolution
(1910-1917). As if this were not enough, there occurred a change of
strategy in the foreign missions department that supported the work of the
Tamaulipas Presbytery. This change caused direct repercussions in the work of
all the Presbyterian churches.
The major Protestant denominations of the United States
proposed a strategy called the "Cincinnati Plan" whereby each denomination would
be assigned a specific zone in Mexico for missionary work. The
Presbyterian Church of the United States (PCUS & PCUSA) was assigned the central
and southern regions of Mexico where, in some places, there already existed
Methodist missions. The plan involved the Methodists surrendering their
land and congregations to the Presbyterians and, in turn, the Presbyterians
would cede the same in the northern region of Mexico to the Methodists and
Baptists. This plan would dissolve the Tamaulipas Presbytery, relocating
its ministers to central Mexico and yielding all its churches and congregations
to the Methodist denomination. The pastors and congregations of the
Tamaulipas Presbytery vehemently opposed the plan and vowed to stay with their
congregations. But the missionaries whose job was directly under the
Department of Foreign Missions (PCUS), obeyed the plan, relocating to central
and southern Mexico in April, 1919.
The Mexican Presbyterian Church of San Benito, which
was a member of the Tamaulipas Presbytery, was affected, to a certain extent, by
the Cincinnati Plan, and, while this was not the only reason, it did contribute
to the church’s continued desire to become affiliated with a Presbytery in the
United States. Being without a pastor since 1918 and not being able to
find one, the San Benito church began bonding with the Texas-Mexico Presbytery
in the hopes of negotiating membership with the Presbyterian Church of the U.S.
The two affected Presbyteries (Tamaulipas and Texas-Mexico) agreed to the move
and on November 10, 1919, the Mexican Presbyterian Church of San Benito became a
member of the Texas-Mexico Presbytery of the Presbyterian Church of the U.S.
The Rev. Isabel Balderas was named interim pastor until a full time pastor was
called.
New Location for Church
Since 1919, the church had owned two
buildings, the sanctuary and the school. Although not located in an advantageous
site, both buildings were in good condition. Rainy weather, however, made
the roads impassable, making it very difficult to get to the church. Also,
the church was not centrally located. At the end of 1919, the membership
decided to explore the possibility of purchasing a larger site, since its merger
with a U.S. Presbytery would potentially encourage growth. The Session
named Miqueas Lopez and Guillermo A Walls (interim pastor sent by Presbytery to
help with Sunday school) to look for a prospective property on which to relocate
the church. A few months later, in July 1920, at a meeting of the
congregation, the following decisions were reached:
1. Trustees were named: Miqueas Lopez, Socorro Plata, and Agustin Plata.
2. Trustees were authorized to purchase four lots in Block 1, Addition 7, San
Benito, at the corner of Combes and Diaz Streets.
3. Trustees were authorized to sell the two lots where the church and school
were located.
The congregation approved a proposal to borrow $250, payable in 2 years, from
the Texas-Mexico Presbytery. A few months later, the church-owned
buildings were moved to the new location at 140 Diaz St.
Third Pastor, the Rev Ventura Euresti, July 1920–June 1928
The eight-year pastorate of the Rev. Ventura Euresti began
July 1920. The congregation at that time consisted of sixty-nine members,
excluding children. On most Sundays, the attendance at Sunday school and
worship service was forty. The Rev. Euresti’s time in San Benito was marked by
his ability to consolidate the church and its organizations, both spiritually
and materially. He emphasized the importance of observing the Sabbath as
"God’s day." During his first few years, he activated the "Esfuerzo
Cristiano" (Christian Effort) working with the youth, teaching them how to help
with worship services. It was during this period that on February 5, 1924,
the women of the church formed the "Sociedad Auxiliar Femenil," (Women’s
Auxiliary. Society) an organization that became the backbone of the church and
continues with the name "Dorcas" to this day. During this
time, revival campaigns were held at least once a year. Some of the
ministers who led these revivals were the Revs. Elias Trevino, Octaviano Lopez,
and Arquimedes Martinez. The congregation in Carricitos was regularly
assisted by the Rev. Euresti, and a mission in the community of Rio Hondo, Texas
was assisted by deacons Miqueas Lopez and Miss Lydia Rodriguez. A mission
was also begun in Harlingen, Texas, a neighboring town, where in 1927, ruling
elder Vidar Najar was in charge of assisting the new congregation in their quest
for a pastor.
By 1925, the church-run school had stopped operating.
The building was refurbished and used as the church manse. Around this
time, Julio Cantu, who had been named ruling elder in 1923, became the first
pastoral candidate from the church. He was ordained in 1937 serving three
churches in the Texas-Mexico Presbytery. After his retirement, the Rev.
Cantu assisted the church in an unofficial pastoral capacity. Another member of
the church who became a Presbyterian minister was D.G. Vera.
From May 1926 to March 1927, forty new members were
added to the rolls through profession of faith or transfer of membership and
eight babies were baptized.
In 1926, the Rev. Euresti married Miss Juanita Garcia,
a member of the congregation. In June 1928, Euresti was called for service
by the Presbyterian Church of Kingsville.
Fourth Pastor, the Rev. R.D. Campbell, July
1928--April 1929
With the departure of the Rev. Euresti, the
Texas-Mexico Presbytery assigned the church to be under the guidance of the
Domestic Missions Department of the PCUS headed by the Rev. R. D. Campbell.
He’d been in contact with the church since 1918 when the Texas-Mexico Presbytery
assigned him the task of negotiating between the church and the Presbytery for
admittance. The Rev. Campbell had also been charged with the arrangements
for the Rev. Euresti to become pastor of the church, so when Euresti left, the
congregation felt comfortable calling him to the pulpit position, a call which
he accepted.
The Rev. Campbell’s brief time with the San Benito
church saw an exceptional growth in its missionary work in Carricitos and a new
mission in Los Indios, Texas. He received a $40/month salary after a $10
increase. The most notable event occurring during his one-year term in San
Benito was the Texas-Mexico Presbytery meeting held in the San Benito church.
This was the first time the Presbytery meeting had been held in the Rio Grande
Valley. The church rejoiced and warmly welcomed its Presbyterian brothers
from April 10-14, 1929.
Unfortunately, the Rev. Campbell’s health didn’t allow
him to continue to minister the San Benito church. At the 1929 meeting of
the Presbytery held in San Benito he requested a transfer to another location
that would be more beneficial his health. His term ended May 1929.
Fifth Pastor, the Rev. Crescencio S. Guerrero, June 1929--June 1930
As was his predecessor, the Rev. Guerrero’s term as
pastor of Mexican Presbyterian Church was short but valuable to the life of the
church. Week long evangelical services increased church membership, Sunday
school training for teachers was initiated, the missions at Carricitos and Los
Indios reached sixty and forty members respectively, and in 1930, the San Benito
church membership reached 130. These circumstances increased the coffers
and the church was able to remodel the sanctuary adding fifteen feet to its rear
side at a cost of $165. The Carricitos congregation built a church for
their worship services. The Women of the Church hosted a joint meeting of
Presbytery WOC groups with churches as far away as Corpus Christi represented.
The Rev. Guerrero’s term as pastor of Mexican Presbyterian Church of San Benito,
though brief, saw a tremendous growth in membership.
Sixth Pastor, the Rev. Desiderio G. Cavazos, June 1930--May 1940
The Rev. Desiderio G. Cavazos’ decade as
pastor of Mexican Presbyterian Church occurred during the life of the church
when the second generation individuals of founding families became old enough to
serve in a variety of capacities. His pastorate was well defined in three
areas: education, missions and spiritual.
Vacation Bible School, sometimes lasting three
weeks, was begun at this time. Sunday school attendance was so large and
consistent that it had directors, secretaries and eight teachers.
Revivals were held yearly, and new missions were begun
at Las Flores and El Fresnal. The mission at Carricitos was reorganized in
1936 after having been briefly abandoned.
The Session of the church was characterized as one of
strong internal discipline and severity regarding its influence over the lives
of church members.
The Valley Presbyterian churches formed an organization
named "Regional Convention of Valley Presbyterian Churches" that met twice a
year to promote and rekindle evangelical spirit.
On Labor Day, September 3, 1933, a strong hurricane
caused severe damage to the church sanctuary. For a while, worship services were
held at the manse. With donations from members, the community, other
churches and $415.92 from Texas Synod, the new church was built. A service
of re-consecration was held April 7, 1935 with the Rev. Abraham Fernandez
officiating. Later, in Feb. 1939, the manse was severely damaged by fire.
After rebuilding it, insurance for both buildings was purchased.
Of the original three trustees, two had died. The
congregation named Natividad Castillo, Zeferino Rios, and David Plata to serve
with ruling elder Miqueas Lopez as trustees. At the end of the Rev.
Cavazos time in San Benito, the church boasted 179 members.
Seventh Pastor, the Rev. Ruben M. Armendariz, June 1940- July 1943
During the Rev. Armendariz’ term as pastor of Mexican
Presbyterian Church, two major events occurred, one world-wide and one local.
The first was the commencement of World War II. Many young men of the church
served in World War II. Two died in action. The second event was that the Valley
Convention ( "convencion") of Presbyterian churches met in San Benito.
Eighth Pastor, the Rev. Alberto Luna, August 1943–December 1948
The Rev. Alberto Luna came as pastor in 1943. His
energy and enthusiasm quickly spread throughout the congregation. Membership
grew to 150 persons with two-thirds attending church regularly.
Though the war in Europe raged, church finances reflected a
healthy U.S. economy. In 1939 the church budget was $750, in 1945 the
budget was $2,000 reaching a high of $3,366 in 1947. The pastor’s salary
was still $40 in 1939 but by 1947 had risen to $100.
The church hosted three Presbytery meetings.
During the Rev. Luna’s service, the church began a
campaign to raise funds for the building of a new brick church. The Texas
Synod donated $1,200 to initiate the fund drive, and the members donated the
remainder.
Ninth Pastor, the Rev. Juan D. Cavazos, January 1949–April 1955
The Rev. Juan D. Cavazos’ time with the San Benito
church can be characterized as one in which the spiritual leadership of the
church was guided by a philosophy of strict and firm discipline both
ecclesiastically and morally. The conservative outlook prevalent in early
1950s society, defined the attitude of the congregation.
Membership grew from 164 to 217 members during this
time, making Mexican Presbyterian Church of San Benito one of the strongest and
most solid of the churches in the Texas-Mexico Presbytery.
It was during this pastorate that the new church
building, of which plans were set in motion during the Rev. Luna’s years, was
constructed. The building cost approximately $20,000. The General
Assembly donated $3,500 and Texas Presbytery donated $1,200. The remainder
of funds came from members of the church as well as other Presbyterian churches.
July 1954, the Texas-Mexico Presbytery met at the San
Benito church for one of the last times before it was dissolved by the Synod.
The Rev. Juan D. Cavazos and the Rev. Desidero G. Cavazos were brothers.
Tenth Pastor, the Rev. Fernando Padilla, October 1955–February 1960
The Rev. Fernando Padilla came to San Benito
from The Divine Redeemer Presbyterian Church of Monterrey, Mexico.
Worldwide postwar social changes, as well as
technological advances, began to show their affects on the local congregation.
The clash of the traditional and the modern was felt especially by the
transitioning younger generation.
The Mexican Presbyterian Church of San Benito, along
with many other Spanish-speaking congregations, became members of the Western
Texas Presbytery with the dissolving of the Texas-Mexico Presbytery.
During these years of the Rev. Padilla’s service, the
church became financially solvent and no longer received subsidies from
Presbytery.
First Period Without a Minister, February 1960–May 1961
During this period without a minister, South Texas
Presbytery made changes in the focus of its congregations. Between 1920
and 1959, four of the ministers who had served the San Benito church had
received their degrees and formal training in Mexico. It was observed that
those who had received their degrees and formal training in Mexico had served
the church for a total of thirty years, while those whose degrees and training
had been obtained in Texas, had served only ten total years. It was
also noted that since the founding families were from Mexico, and those
Americans who joined at a later date were primarily Spanish speakers, the
language used in worship was Spanish. The literature for Sunday school was
also in Spanish, and church customs and traditions were derived from those
practiced in the National Presbyterian Church of Mexico. However, when the
predominantly English speaking baby boomers of the 1950s ,and who had been born
and educated in Texas began to grow up, their allegiances to Mexico and its
customs, began to change. As a consequence of this change, the
congregation named a committee in November 1960 to find a pastoral candidate who
could deal with the transitional changes reflecting the new focus of the
congregation.
Eleventh Pastor, the Rev. Guadalupe M. Armendariz, June 1961–June 1971
The Rev. Guadalupe M. Armandariz, earned his
credentials at Austin Theological Seminar and had pastored several
Mexican-American churches before coming to San Benito. His ability to work
with Mexican traditions in an ever-increasing American setting and his work with
English speaking youth made him the perfect man for the transitioning church.
One month into his new position, the congregation changed its name from Mexican
Presbyterian Church to 2nd Presbyterian Church.
At this time, educational literature formally ordered
only in Spanish, was now being ordered in English too. Hymns, prayers and
poems for special occasions were also presented in both languages, thereby
offering the congregants a bilingual choice. Services, social functions
and communion services with 1st Presbyterian Church of San Benito were also held
encouraging the youth of both churches to worship together.
Ruling elders and deacons, as of 1965, came under the
rules of the Presbyterian Church of the United States (PCUS) and its rotating
terms of service. The implementation of this rotation system allowed for a
democratic change of ideas and people in authority. At this time, the
first female ruling elder and deacons were elected.
For many years, the spiritual and social life of the
church remained separate, but with the arrival of the Rev. Armendariz, special
worship services were often followed by congregational meals. Youth
activities often included trips to the beach and bowling. The
Educational Building, which personified the spirit and progressive attitude of
the Rev. Armendariz, was erected in 1969 at a cost of $65,894.
The Rev. Armendariz retired from the ministry in 1971.
The Revs. Ruben Armendariz and Guadalupe Armendariz
were brothers.
Second Period Without a Minister, July 1971–December 1972
After the Rev. Armendariz’ retirement, the pulpit
committee again had the task of finding suitable ministers to supply worship
services while a permanent minister was called. One of the ministers who
assisted the church in this capacity was the Rev. Pedro Lopez, a Baptist
minister, who had been approved by Presbytery to supply the San Benito church.
In its efforts to serve the community, the church
allowed a kindergarten school, not affiliated with the church, to operate in the
educational building, and, in 1972, the majority of the building was rented to
Texas Migrant Council as a preschool.
Twelfth Pastor, the Rev. Pedro Lopez, January 1973–March 1976
The Rev. Pedro Lopez preached in both English and
Spanish and began the practice of giving ten minute sermonettes for the children
during Sunday morning services. During his tenure as pastor, the
interior of the church was remodeled and the exterior re-roofed. The Women of
the Church donated the curtain that hangs behind the pulpit. The choir
ordered robes, and Sunday school was flourishing.
Third Period Without a Pastor, April 1976--May 1978
The pulpit committee was reinstated and, while it
vetted pastoral candidates, it provided the church several pastors to preach on
Sundays. Vacation Bible School continued to function.
Thirteenth Pastor, the Rev. Joel Martinez, June 1978--1984
Second Presbyterian Church was renamed Getsemani
Presbyterian Church in 1979 by congregational vote. The pastor reflected
that there were as many men as women on the church rolls and that the proportion
was equal between youth and children. The men of the church formed a group
to coexist with the Dorcas (Women of the Church) and the youth became very
active again, taking trips to Mo Ranch and serving in the church.
Fourteenth Pastor the Rev. Dr. Jesse Leos, 1984--1987
Fifteenth Pastor, the Rev. Guillermo Enriquez, 1987--1991
Sixteenth Pastor, the Rev. Dr. John Paul Roberts
Haine, 1994--1997
Seventeenth Pastor, the Rev. Efrain Buenfil, 1999
Eighteenth Pastor, the Rev. Jesus Juan Gonzalez, 1991--2001
Nineteenth Pastor, the Rev. Thomas C. Johnson 2002– present
III. Historical and Cultural Significance
The Presbyterian church in San Benito that began by serving the community's Hispanics is nearing its 100th anniversary. It now serves all, regardless of ethnicity. The following list clearly demonstrates how it has and continues to have a positive impact on the growing City of San Benito and its surrounding areas. Its commitment to the betterment of the city's citizens has never wavered and therein lies its historical/cultural significance.
Community Participation by Getsemani Presbyterian Church
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